Materials for Production Grade Additive Manufacturing
Explore industrial 3D printing materials including polymers, metals, elastomers, ceramics, and high performance resins engineered for prototyping, tooling, and end use applications.
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Engineering Materials & Tolerance Database
Click on the material type below to view our materials and verified mechanical properties, structural yield metrics, and certified dimensional tolerances across our polymer, metal, ceramic, hybrid, and large-format manufacturing lines:
HP MJF (Multi Jet Fusion)
PA 11 Ductile Nylon
Overview:
PA11 Ductile Nylon is a bio based engineering thermoplastic derived from castor oil and designed for applications requiring exceptional toughness, ductility, and impact resistance. Compared to standard PA12 materials, PA11 offers greater elongation at break, improved fatigue resistance, and superior performance under repeated loading or flexing conditions. The material maintains strong chemical resistance and dimensional stability while remaining lightweight and durable in demanding environments. Its ability to absorb impact without cracking makes it well suited for functional components exposed to vibration, snap fit loading, or dynamic mechanical stress.
Applications:
PA11 Ductile Nylon is commonly used for durable functional prototypes and end use production parts in aerospace, automotive, industrial, robotics, medical, and consumer product applications. Typical applications include clips, brackets, enclosures, living hinges, orthotics, ducts, protective covers, wearable components, and parts subjected to repeated stress or impact loading. Its high ductility and fatigue resistance make it especially valuable for components that require flexibility, long term durability, and reliable mechanical performance in real world operating conditions.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 52 MPa / 7542 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 52 MPa / 7542 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 55% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 40% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 70 MPa / 10150 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 70 MPa / 10150 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 1700 MPa / 246 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XY | 6 kJ/m2 |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), Z | 5 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 185 ºC / 365 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 185 ºC / 365 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 54 ºC / 129 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 54 ºC / 129 ºF |
| Shore Hardness D | 80 |
Excellent (Rating A):
Diluted alkalies, concentrated alkalies, chlorine salts, alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones, aliphatic hydrocarbons, unleaded petrol, motor oil, aromatic hydrocarbons, toluene, and DOT 3 brake fluid.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Long-term exposure to elevated humidity, thermal cycling, or chemically aggressive industrial environments may gradually degrade mechanical properties. (recommended controlled environmental conditions of 50-70% relative humidity for stable performance.)
Poor (Rating C):
Strong mineral acids (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid), chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenols, and strong oxidizing acids can cause swelling, softening, or material degradation.
PA11 generally provides slightly better chemical and environmental stress-crack resistance than PA12, especially in dynamic or repeated-load applications.
PA 12 (Nylon PA12)
Overview:
PA 12 W (Nylon PA12 White) is a high-performance engineering thermoplastic derived from laurolactam. Its long hydrocarbon chain delivers the lowest moisture absorption rate among commercial nylons, resulting in excellent dimensional stability across a wide range of environments. PA 12 offers outstanding impact resistance, including at temperatures as low as -40°C, along with strong resistance to fuels, oils, greases, and hydrocarbons. The material is well-suited for demanding functional components that require durability, chemical resistance, and long-term dimensional accuracy.
Applications:
PA 12 W is widely used for functional prototypes and end-use components in automotive, aerospace, industrial, medical, and consumer applications. Common applications include housings, brackets, clips, ducts, fluid-handling components, snap-fit assemblies, and lightweight parts exposed to mechanical stress, vibration, or chemically aggressive environments. Its balance of toughness, dimensional stability, and chemical resistance makes it a reliable choice for both production and engineering validation.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 48 MPa / 6962 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 48 MPa (6960 psi) |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 1700 MPa (247 ksi) |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 1800 MPa (261 ksi) |
| Elongation at break, XY | 15 – 20% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 15% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 70 MPa / 10150 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 1730 MPa / 251 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XY | 3.5 kJ/m2 |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 175 ºC / 347 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 95 ºC / 203 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Shore Hardness D | 80 |
Excellent (Rating A):
Fuels (petrol, diesel), oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, alkalis, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and many industrial lubricants. Nylon 12 also demonstrates excellent vibration damping, low moisture absorption, and strong dimensional stability compared to many other nylon materials.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Alcohols, weak acids, and moderate exposure to industrial cleaning solutions or humid environments. Long-term exposure to elevated temperatures and moisture may gradually degrade mechanical properties.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong mineral acids, chlorinated solvents, phenols, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals can cause swelling, softening, or degradation of the polymer structure.
PA 12 W (Nylon PA12 White)
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 48 MPa / 6960 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 48 MPa / 6960 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 1650 MPa / 239 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 1650 MPa / 239 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 18% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 18% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 58 MPa / 8412 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 58 MPa / 8412 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 1500 MPa / 218 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 1500 MPa / 218 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 4.4 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 95 ºC / 203 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 95 ºC / 203 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi) | 95 °C / 203 °F |
| Hardness | 75 Shore D |
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 49 MPa / 7100 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 45 MPa / 6500 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 1900 MPa / 276 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 1850 MPa / 268 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 17% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 9% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 70 MPa / 10150 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 70 MPa / 10150 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 1900 MPa / 276 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 1850 MPa / 268 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 4.5 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 175 ºC / 347 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 175 ºC / 347 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 95 ºC / 203 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 95 ºC / 203 ºF |
| Durometer (Shore D) | 80 |
Excellent (Rating A):
Fuels (petrol, diesel), oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, alkalis (sodium hydroxide), aliphatic hydrocarbons, and many common industrial solvents. PA 12 W also demonstrates strong resistance to alcohols and ketones under normal operating conditions.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Weak acids (acetic acid), brake fluids, oxidizing agents (hydrogen peroxide), and prolonged exposure to high temperature alcohols or polar fluids, which may cause minor swelling or gradual property reduction over time.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid), chlorinated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride), and aggressive oxidizing acids, which can cause significant swelling, embrittlement, or rapid material degradation.
TPA Flexible Elastomer
Overview:
TPA (Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomer) is a flexible, lightweight elastomer engineered for HP Multi Jet Fusion additive manufacturing applications that require elasticity, energy return, and long term durability. Developed by HP and Evonik, the material combines the flexibility of elastomers with the process reliability and consistency of polyamide based powders. TPA delivers excellent rebound resilience, impact resistance, tear resistance, and elongation while maintaining stable mechanical performance across repeated loading cycles. Its lightweight structure and durable elastic behavior make it well suited for functional production components exposed to compression, bending, vibration, or repeated mechanical stress.
Applications:
TPA is commonly used for seals, gaskets, bellows, grippers, orthotics, protective equipment, automotive interior components, robotics parts, ducts, wearable products, fluid system components, and sports equipment. The material is especially valuable for applications requiring flexibility, energy absorption, repeated bending, and impact resistance without permanent deformation. HP specifically identifies applications including winter sports equipment, automotive interiors, robotics, grippers, and fluid systems.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 10 MPa / 1450 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 8 MPa / 1160 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 65 MPa / 9.4 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 75 MPa / 10.9 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 370% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 160% |
| Tear strength, XY | 50 kN/m |
| Tear strength, Z | 40 kN/m |
| Rebound resilience | 72% |
| Compression set | 40% |
| Density | 1.0 g/cm³ |
| Hardness | 91 Shore A |
Excellent (Rating A):
Impact loading, repeated compression, bending, oils, greases, and many industrial operating environments requiring elastic recovery and abrasion resistance. HP and Evonik specifically highlight strong rebound resilience, wear resistance, and long-term durability under repeated mechanical loading.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Automotive fluids, general industrial environments, moderate humidity exposure, and repeated thermal cycling. TPA maintains stable mechanical performance across a broad operating range and performs well in functional end-use applications requiring flexibility and energy absorption.
Poor (Rating C):
The published HP and Evonik technical references reviewed do not explicitly identify incompatible chemicals or aggressive solvent limitations. No unsupported chemical resistance claims should be inferred beyond the documented resistance to oils, greases, and industrial operating environments.
Ti64 Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI)
Overview:
Ti64 Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) is a high-strength, lightweight titanium alloy engineered for demanding aerospace, medical, motorsports, and industrial applications. The designation “ELI,” which stands for Extra Low Interstitials, indicates that this alloy has improved ductility and fracture toughness compared to standard Grade 5 titanium, while still offering exceptional strength-to-weight performance. Ti64 Grade 23 is known for its outstanding corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue properties, and biocompatibility, making it one of the most widely used materials in additive manufacturing for critical performance components. Its capability to maintain mechanical integrity under high stress, elevated temperatures, and harsh environments makes it ideal for production-grade applications where reliability and weight reduction are essential.
Applications:
Ti64 Grade 23 is commonly utilized in aerospace brackets, lightweight structural components, heat exchangers, motorsports hardware, orthopedic implants, surgical instruments, fluid handling systems, turbine components, and high-performance industrial assemblies. This material is especially valuable for applications that require high strength combined with reduced mass, corrosion resistance, and long-term fatigue performance. In additive manufacturing, Ti64 Grade 23 is often chosen for topology-optimized geometries, lattice structures, and consolidated assemblies that cannot be produced efficiently through traditional machining methods.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 1045 MPa / 151 ksi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 1020 MPa / 148 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 114000 MPa / 16500 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING DATA |
| Elongation at break, XY | 14% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 12% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus, XY | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING DATA |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Hardness | 36 HRC |
Excellent (Rating A):
Ti64 Grade 23 offers outstanding corrosion resistance against saltwater, chlorides, body fluids, fuels, hydraulic fluids, oils, alkalis, nitric acid, and most corrosive industrial environments. Its exceptional durability is attributed to a stable titanium oxide surface layer that provides excellent protection against oxidation and galvanic corrosion in challenging operating conditions.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Ti64 Grade 23 performs well in environments with organic acids and elevated temperature oxidation, but it experiences limited exposure to reducing acids. Prolonged contact with highly concentrated acids at elevated temperatures may gradually compromise the surface integrity.
Poor (Rating C):
Titanium is highly susceptible to aggressive attack by hydrofluoric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, and strong reducing acids. These substances can significantly compromise the structural integrity of titanium.
17-4PH SS (Stainless Steel)
Overview:
17-4PH Stainless Steel is a precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel engineered for high strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical performance in demanding industrial environments. This alloy combines the corrosion resistance of stainless steel with mechanical properties approaching those of high-strength tool steels. Through heat treatment, 17-4PH can achieve exceptional hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue resistance while maintaining good dimensional stability and machinability.This material is particularly valuable for applications that demand high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and long-term mechanical reliability. 17-4PH is frequently chosen for its ability to create complex geometries, consolidate assemblies, produce lightweight structural parts, and support low-volume production components.
Applications:
17-4PH Stainless Steel is commonly utilized in aerospace components, industrial tooling, fixtures, pump housings, turbine parts, valves, manifolds, brackets, gears, shafts, medical instruments, and oil and gas equipment. This material is particularly valuable for applications that demand high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and long-term mechanical reliability.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 1100 MPa / 160 ksi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 1050 MPa / 152 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 200000 MPa / 29000 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING DATA |
| Elongation at break, XY | 10% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 8% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus, XY | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING DATA |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | MISSING DATA |
| Hardness | 36 HRC |
Excellent (Rating A):
17-4PH stainless steel offers excellent corrosion resistance in humid, marine, and chemically exposed environments. It withstands water, saltwater, fuels, hydraulic fluids, oils, weak acids, alkalis, and various industrial chemicals while maintaining high mechanical strength and wear resistance.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
This material is suitable for organic acids, food processing chemicals, mild chlorides, and moderate exposure to acidic environments. However, long-term exposure to highly concentrated chlorides or elevated temperature corrosive conditions may increase the risk of localized corrosion or stress corrosion cracking.
Poor (Rating C):
17-4PH stainless steel has poor resistance to strong acids (such as hydrochloric and sulfuric acids), chlorinated solvents, and highly aggressive chloride environments, which can compromise its corrosion resistance and accelerate pitting or cracking.
316 SS (Stainless Steel)
Overview:
316L Stainless Steel (1.4404) is a corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel engineered for demanding industrial, medical, automotive, and aerospace applications. Enhanced with molybdenum for improved corrosion resistance and formulated with low carbon content for better processability, 316L delivers an excellent balance of strength, durability, and chemical resistance. The alloy performs well in harsh environments exposed to moisture, chemicals, and elevated temperatures while maintaining good mechanical properties and post processing capability. Its versatility and long term durability make it one of the most widely used stainless steels in additive manufacturing for functional production components and precision industrial assemblies.
Applications:
Especially used in applications requiring high corrosion resistance, particularly in environments containing chlorides or aggressive chemicals such as:
Marine and Coastal Environments: Boat fittings, offshore modules, marine infrastructure, and exterior facades.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries: Chemical processing tanks, pipes, heat exchangers, biotechnical components, and storage vessels for acids like acetic, citric, and lactic acid.
Food and Beverage Processing: Dairy, meat, and vegetable processing machinery, cisterns, and pipelines where hygiene and corrosion resistance are critical.
Medical Devices: Surgical instruments and implants.
Architectural and Structural Use: Bridges, canopies, railings, and pressure vessels, especially where enhanced durability in corrosive industrial settings is required.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 620 MPa / 89923 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 620 MPa / 89923 psi |
| Tensile modulus | 193 GPa |
| Elongation at break, XY | 40% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 40% |
| Reduction of area | 62% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%) | MISSING DATA |
| Flexural modulus | MISSING DATA |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC) | MISSING DATA |
| Heat deflection temperature / Service Temperature | Up to 550 ºC / 1022 ºF |
| Recommended continuous operating temperature | 300 ºC / 572 ºF |
| Surface roughness, as built (Ra) | 4 µm |
| Surface roughness, blasted (Ra) | 3 µm |
| Average defect percentage | <0.5% |
Excellent (Rating A):
Water, saltwater, humidity, food processing environments, oils, greases, fuels, alkalis, and many industrial chemicals. The addition of molybdenum significantly improves corrosion resistance compared to standard stainless steels, especially in chloride rich and chemically aggressive environments.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Organic acids, diluted industrial cleaning solutions, and moderate exposure to elevated temperature operating conditions. 316L maintains strong corrosion resistance and mechanical performance across a wide operating temperature range.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong hydrochloric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, chlorinated solvents, and highly aggressive reducing acids, which can compromise corrosion resistance and lead to pitting or stress corrosion cracking over time.
Ni718 (Inconel 718)
Overview:
Ni718 (Inconel 718) is a nickel-based superalloy engineered for extreme temperature, corrosion, and high-stress environments. The alloy maintains exceptional mechanical strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance at temperatures where many stainless steels and titanium alloys begin to lose structural integrity. Ni718 delivers outstanding fatigue performance, weldability, and resistance to thermal cycling, making it one of the most widely used superalloys in aerospace, energy, motorsports, and industrial applications. Its ability to perform reliably under high heat, pressure, and chemically aggressive operating conditions makes it ideal for mission-critical production components and advanced additive manufacturing applications.
Applications:
Ni718 is commonly used for turbine components, rocket engine hardware, heat exchangers, manifolds, exhaust systems, combustion chambers, oil and gas tooling, aerospace brackets, pressure vessels, and high-temperature industrial assemblies. Ni718 is especially valuable for applications requiring high strength at elevated temperatures, oxidation resistance, and long-term fatigue performance under thermal cycling. Ni718 is frequently selected for lightweight consolidated assemblies, internal cooling channels, topology optimized parts, and geometries that are difficult or impossible to machine using conventional methods.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 1250 MPa / 181 ksi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 1200 MPa / 174 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 200000 MPa / 29000 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 200000 MPa / 29000 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 20% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 18% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 1900 MPa / 276 ksi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 1850 MPa / 268 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 205000 MPa / 29700 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 205000 MPa / 29700 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 120 J |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 700 ºC / 1292 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 700 ºC / 1292 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 650 ºC / 1202 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 650 ºC / 1202 ºF |
| Hardness | 36 HRC |
Excellent (Rating A):
Nickel alloy 718 (Ni718) excels in high-temperature oxidation environments, including exposure to saltwater, fuels, hydraulic fluids, alkalis, nitric acid, organic acids, and various aggressive industrial chemicals. It offers exceptional corrosion and oxidation resistance under extreme heat and pressure while maintaining outstanding mechanical integrity and fatigue performance.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Ni718 performs well in moderate sulfur-bearing environments, marine chlorides, and intermittent exposure to reducing acids. However, prolonged exposure to highly sulfur-rich or carburizing atmospheres at elevated temperatures may gradually impact its oxidation resistance.
Poor (Rating C):
Hydrofluoric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, and highly reducing environments can aggressively attack nickel-based alloys, compromising their structural performance over time.
Ultracur3D RG 3280 Hybrid
Overview:
Ultracur3D RG 3280 (Alumina Ceramic AXTRA Hybrid) is a high-performance ceramic-filled photopolymer engineered applications that demand exceptional stiffness, thermal stability, surface quality, and wear resistance. This material combines the dimensional accuracy and fine feature resolution of photopolymer printing with the enhanced mechanical and thermal properties provided by alumina ceramic reinforcement. Ultracur3D RG 3280 delivers high rigidity, excellent compressive strength, and improved heat resistance compared to standard engineering resins, making it well-suited for precision industrial and technical applications. Its ceramic reinforcement enhances abrasion resistance and ensures low thermal expansion, making it suitable for parts that operate in demanding thermal or mechanically loaded environments.
Applications:
Ultracur3D RG 3280 is commonly used for tooling inserts, fixtures, electrical housings, heat-resistant components, fluid handling parts, molds, jigs, inspection tools, and precision industrial assemblies. This material is especially practical for applications that demand dimensional stability, high stiffness, a smooth surface finish, and resistance to thermal deformation. This material is frequently selected for complex geometries and low-volume technical components where traditional ceramic machining would be difficult, time-consuming, or cost-prohibitive.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 87 MPa / 12618 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 85 MPa / 12328 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 10600 MPa / 1537 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 10500 MPa / 1523 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 1.3% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 1% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 73 MPa / 10588 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 73 MPa / 10588 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 8780 MPa / 1273 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 8780 MPa / 1273 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 24 J/m |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | >280 ºC / >536 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | >280 ºC / >536 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 132 ºC / 270 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 162 ºC / 324 ºF |
| Hardness | 96 Shore D |
Excellent (Rating A):
Oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, and many non reactive industrial fluids. Ultracur3D RG 3280 also demonstrates excellent thermal stability, high stiffness, abrasion resistance, and dimensional stability under elevated temperature operating conditions.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Alcohols, diluted detergents, and limited exposure to mild industrial cleaning agents. Repeated moisture exposure or long term thermal cycling may gradually affect photopolymer based mechanical properties over time.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids, ketones, chlorinated solvents, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals, which can attack the resin matrix and reduce mechanical integrity or dimensional stability.
Figure 4 PRO-BLK 10
Overview:
Figure 4 PRO-BLK 10 Hybrid is a high-performance production-grade photopolymer specifically engineered for rigid functional parts that require exceptional stiffness, dimensional stability, surface quality, and thermal performance. Enhanced with hybrid reinforcement technology, this material delivers improved mechanical strength and heat resistance compared to standard rigid resins while maintaining the fine feature resolution and smooth surface finish associated with Figure 4 additive manufacturing systems. PRO-BLK 10 Hybrid is designed for demanding engineering and industrial applications where precision, durability, and aesthetic quality are crucial. Its balance of rigidity, thermal stability, and print accuracy makes it well-suited for functional prototypes, tooling, and low-volume production components.
Applications:
Figure 4 PRO-BLK 10 AXTRA Hybrid is commonly used for housings, enclosures, fixtures, jigs, brackets, covers, fluid-handling components, connectors, tooling inserts, and precision industrial assemblies. This material is especially practical for applications that require high-dimensional accuracy, fine detail resolution, smooth surfaces, and stable mechanical performance under moderate thermal or mechanical loading. In additive manufacturing, PRO-BLK 10 Hybrid is frequently selected for end-use components, manufacturing aids, and production quality prototypes where appearance, rigidity, and repeatability are essential.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 57 MPa / 8267 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 54 MPa / 7832 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 2500 MPa / 363 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 2400 MPa / 348 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 6% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 5% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 96 MPa / 13924 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 90 MPa / 13053 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 2700 MPa / 392 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 2600 MPa / 377 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 25 J/m |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 82 ºC / 180 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 82 ºC / 180 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 70 ºC / 158 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 70 ºC / 158 ºF |
| Hardness | 82 Shore D |
Excellent (Rating A):
Oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, and many non-aggressive industrial fluids. Figure 4: PRO-BLK 10 also demonstrates strong dimensional stability and good surface durability for production-grade engineering applications.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Alcohols, diluted detergents, and limited exposure to mild industrial cleaning solutions. Long-term exposure to elevated humidity, UV light, or thermal cycling may gradually reduce mechanical performance.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids, ketones, chlorinated solvents, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals can attack the resin matrix, leading to swelling, embrittlement, or surface degradation.
Bigrep LF- FDM (Large Format Fused Deposition Modeling)
PRO HT Filament
Overview:
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 45 MPa / 6527 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 45 MPa / 6527 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 3100 MPa / 450 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 3100 MPa / 450 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 13% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 13% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 60 MPa / 8702 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 60 MPa / 8702 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 3000 MPa / 435 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 3000 MPa / 435 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 8 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 61 ºC / 142 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 61 ºC / 142 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 55 ºC / 131 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 55 ºC / 131 ºF |
Excellent (Rating A):
UV exposure and outdoor environmental conditions. BigRep specifically states that PRO HT has been engineered for UV resistance, making it suitable for outdoor applications without degradation.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
General prototype and end use environments requiring moderate impact resistance, ductility, and dimensional stability. BigRep describes PRO HT as a balanced, all around material suitable for prototypes and selected end use parts such as custom automotive interiors.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids, ketones, chlorinated solvents, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals, which can attack the resin matrix and reduce mechanical integrity or dimensional stability.
HI-TEMP Filament
Overview:
BigRep HI-TEMP is a rigid biopolymer filament engineered for functional prototypes, tooling, manufacturing aids, and low-volume end-use components that require stiffness, dimensional accuracy, and elevated temperature resistance. Designed for large-format additive manufacturing, HI-TEMP produces highly accurate parts with minimal warping and an attractive matte surface finish. The material combines strong mechanical performance with good printability, making it well-suited for industrial applications where rigidity, thermal stability, and part accuracy are important. BigRep also notes that HI-TEMP is CO2-neutral, biodegradable under the right conditions, and compliant with FDA and EU food-contact requirements.
Applications:
BigRep HI-TEMP is commonly used for functional prototypes, low-volume production parts, custom tooling, manufacturing aids, fixtures, molds, and rigid indoor industrial components. The material is especially valuable for applications requiring high stiffness, minimal shrinkage, stable dimensional accuracy, and good surface finish on large-format prints. BigRep specifically positions HI-TEMP for manufacturing tools, custom production aids, and end-use parts intended for indoor operating environments.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 50 MPa / 7252 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 4400 MPa / 638 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, XY | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 55 MPa / 7977 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 4300 MPa / 624 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 4 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 58 ºC / 136 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 58 ºC / 136 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 54 ºC / 129 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 54 ºC / 129 ºF |
| Vicat softening temperature | 154 ºC / 309 ºF |
| Density | 1.35 g/cm³ |
Excellent (Rating A):
UV exposure, weak acids, and indoor industrial operating environments requiring dimensional stability and rigidity. HI-TEMP demonstrates resistance to UV exposure and weak acids while maintaining stable mechanical performance and minimal warping.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
General industrial environments, food contact applications, and moderate thermal operating conditions requiring stiffness, impact resistance, and stable print accuracy. HI-TEMP is FDA-compliant for food safety applications and engineered for manufacturing aids and functional industrial components.
Poor (Rating C):
MISSING INFORMATION.
HI-TEMP CF Filament
Overview:
BigRep HI-TEMP CF is a carbon fiber reinforced engineering filament designed for large format additive manufacturing applications that require high stiffness, lightweight performance, and elevated temperature resistance. Built on BigRep’s HI-TEMP platform and reinforced with 10% carbon fiber, HI-TEMP CF delivers significantly greater rigidity and dimensional stability than standard HI-TEMP while maintaining good printability and surface finish. The material is optimized for demanding industrial environments where structural stiffness, heat resistance, and lightweight construction are critical. BigRep specifically identifies applications in motorsports, aerospace, tooling, sporting goods, and forming technologies.
Applications:
BigRep HI-TEMP CF is commonly used for molds, patterns, tooling, lightweight structural components, industrial fixtures, manufacturing aids, motorsports parts, aerospace prototypes, and rigid end-use assemblies. The material is especially valuable for applications requiring high stiffness, low weight, dimensional accuracy, and moderate thermal resistance. BigRep highlights its suitability for forming applications and functional industrial components operating in demanding environments.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 65 MPa / 9427 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 7000 MPa / 1015 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, XY | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 70 MPa / 10153 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 7200 MPa / 1044 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XYZ | 5 kJ/m2 |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 74 ºC / 165 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 74 ºC / 165 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), XY | 57 ºC / 135 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi), Z | 57 ºC / 135 ºF |
| Vicat softening temperature | 165 ºC / 329 ºF |
| Density | 1.36 g/cm³ |
Excellent (Rating A):
UV exposure, outdoor environments, and demanding industrial applications requiring high stiffness, dimensional stability, and lightweight performance. HI-TEMP CF is UV-resistant, weather-resistant, and suitable for structurally demanding applications in motorsports, aerospace, and tooling.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Weak acids, moderate industrial environments, and applications requiring elevated stiffness with moderate heat resistance. HI-TEMP CF Filament has medium chemical resistance and good bending and flex resistance under load.
Poor (Rating C):
MISSING INFORMATION.
PLX
Overview:
BigRep PLX is a PLA-based engineering filament optimized for large-format additive manufacturing applications that require fast print speeds, an attractive surface finish, and reliable mechanical performance. Developed specifically for industrial-scale printing, PLX delivers higher toughness, better ductility, and faster throughput than conventional PLA materials while remaining easy to print and cost-effective. PLX can print up to 80% faster than standard PLA without sacrificing part quality, making it well-suited for large prototypes, tooling, and general-purpose industrial applications. The material also offers reduced environmental impact through its biopolymer formulation.
Applications:
BigRep PLX is commonly used for large-format prototypes, manufacturing aids, molds, tooling, architectural models, visual demonstration parts, and low-stress end-use components. The material is especially valuable for applications requiring rapid production, smooth surface quality, dimensional consistency, and affordable large-scale printing. PLX is a valuable material for aerospace tooling and mold production applications where high-speed manufacturing and stable mechanical performance are important.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 48 MPa / 6962 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 3100 MPa / 450 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, XY | 20% |
| Elongation at break, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 90 MPa / 13053 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 2800 MPa / 406 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Impact strength, notched, XYZ | 4 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi) | 58 ºC / 136 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi) | 56 ºC / 133 ºF |
| Glass transition temperature (Tg) | 63 ºC / 145 ºF |
| Melting temperature (Tm) | 170 ºC / 338 ºF |
| Density | 1.24 g/cm³ |
Excellent (Rating A):
Fast large-format printing environments, general industrial prototyping, and applications requiring smooth surface finish, dimensional consistency, and affordable production. PLX offers strong print reliability, high-speed throughput, and balanced mechanical performance for industrial additive manufacturing.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
General indoor environments, moderate mechanical loading, and applications requiring balanced strength and ductility. PLX offers higher elongation and toughness than standard PLA while remaining easy to print and environmentally friendly.
Poor (Rating C):
Acetone, solvents, acids, alcohols, and prolonged UV exposure. BigRep specifically states that PLX is not chemically resistant, including to solvents, acids, and alcohols, and that UV exposure may degrade the material over time.
ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate)
Overview:
ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate) is an engineering-grade thermoplastic filament designed as a durable, UV-resistant alternative to ABS. This makes it ideal for outdoor applications, automotive parts, and functional prototypes. ASA offers high impact resistance, chemical stability, and a professional matte finish. However, it requires higher printing temperatures (240–260°C) and should be used with an enclosed printer to prevent warping.
Key Properties:
- Weather & UV Resistance: Unlike ABS, ASA does not yellow or degrade significantly when exposed to sunlight, retaining its structural integrity and color vibrancy outdoors.
- Mechanical Strength: It features high tensile strength (approx. 33–40 MPa) and impact resistance, making it tougher and less brittle than PLA.
- Heat Resistance: ASA maintains shape and strength at 90–100°C, significantly outperforming PLA and PETG in warm environments.
- Chemical Resistance: It resists oils, alcohols, acids, and cleaning agents, making it suitable for industrial and marine uses.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 32 MPa / 4641 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | 22 MPa / 3191 psi |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 2200 MPa / 319 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | 1900 MPa / 276 ksi |
| Elongation at break, XY | 8% |
| Elongation at break, Z | 4% |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 54 MPa / 7832 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | 39 MPa / 5656 psi |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 2100 MPa / 305 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), XY | 106 J/m |
| Izod impact notched (@ 3.2 mm, 23ºC), Z | 53 J/m |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), XY | 96 ºC / 205 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi), Z | 96 ºC / 205 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi) | 94°C (201°F) |
| Hardness | 104 |
Excellent (Rating A):
UV exposure, outdoor weathering, humidity, and environmental aging. ASA is specifically engineered for long-term outdoor durability and maintains color stability, impact resistance, and mechanical performance under prolonged exposure to sunlight and weather. ASA also demonstrates good resistance to oils, greases, and many common industrial fluids.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Alcohols, diluted detergents, mild acids, diluted alkalis, and moderate exposure to industrial cleaning agents. ASA also provides good dimensional stability and heat resistance for functional industrial and automotive applications. Long-term exposure to aggressive solvents or repeated thermal cycling may gradually affect surface appearance and mechanical properties.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids, ketones, chlorinated solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals can cause swelling, stress cracking, embrittlement, or degradation of the polymer structure.
rPETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-Modified)
Overview:
BigRep PETG is a recycled engineering-grade filament developed for large-format additive manufacturing applications requiring durability, dimensional stability, and reliable print performance. Produced from recycled PETG feedstock, the material combines sustainability with balanced mechanical properties, strong layer adhesion, and excellent chemical resistance. BigRep PETG offers improved toughness and reduced brittleness compared to standard PLA, while maintaining stable print behavior and an attractive surface finish. Its combination of impact resistance, low moisture absorption, and ease of printing makes it well-suited for functional industrial parts and large-scale prototypes.
Applications:
BigRep PETG is commonly used for large-format prototypes, manufacturing aids, tooling, housings, covers, brackets, fixtures, visual models, and low to moderate-stress end-use components. The material is especially valuable for applications requiring dimensional accuracy, durability, chemical resistance, and reliable outdoor or industrial performance. Recycled PETG is frequently selected for sustainable manufacturing initiatives where reduced environmental impact and material reuse are priorities.
| Tensile strength, max load, XY | 38 MPa / 5511 psi |
| Tensile strength, max load, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Tensile modulus, XY | 1800 MPa / 261 ksi |
| Tensile modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Elongation at break, XY | 6% |
| Elongation at break, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), XY | 62 MPa / 8992 psi |
| Flexural strength (@ 5%), Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Flexural modulus, XY | 1900 MPa / 276 ksi |
| Flexural modulus, Z | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Impact strength, notched, XYZ | 8 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 0.45 MPa, 66 psi) | 70 ºC / 158 ºF |
| Heat deflection temperature (@ 1.82 MPa, 264 psi) | MISSING INFORMATION |
| Glass transition temperature (Tg) | 80 ºC / 176 ºF |
| Density | 1.27 g/cm³ |
Excellent (Rating A):
UV exposure, outdoor weathering, humidity, and environmental aging. ASA is specifically engineered for long-term outdoor durability and maintains color stability, impact resistance, and mechanical performance under prolonged exposure to sunlight and weather. ASA also demonstrates good resistance to oils, greases, and many common industrial fluids.
Good/Fair (Rating B):
Alcohols, diluted detergents, mild acids, diluted alkalis, and moderate exposure to industrial cleaning agents. ASA also provides good dimensional stability and heat resistance for functional industrial and automotive applications. Long-term exposure to aggressive solvents or repeated thermal cycling may gradually affect surface appearance and mechanical properties.
Poor (Rating C):
Strong acids, ketones, chlorinated solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aggressive oxidizing chemicals can cause swelling, stress cracking, embrittlement, or degradation of the polymer structure.
Material properties are provided as a general reference, and while IA3D shares this information to assist users, we cannot guarantee the accuracy or reliability of the actual part properties you might achieve. There are various factors that influence these properties, which means that the results may differ from the information provided. We recommend using this page as a starting point for consideration rather than a complete guide for part design, and it should not be seen as a guarantee of specific material or part characteristics or their suitability for particular applications.
Don’t see the material you need? Contact an engineer to discuss your application, performance requirements, and sourcing options.
Quick Selection Guide
Use this guide to quickly identify the best material for your application.
High Strength
Structural Parts
PA12, PA11, 17-4PH Stainless Steel, Ti64 Grade 23
High Temperature Performance Parts
Ni718, BigRep ProHT, Ti64 Grade 23
Flexible Rubber-Like Components
TPA
Outdoor UV Stable Components
ASA
Chemical Resistant Industrial Parts
PA11, PA12, PA12W
General Purpose Nylon Production Parts
PA12, PA12W
Wear Resistant Moving Components
PA12, PA11, TPA
Precision Metal Components
17-4PH Stainless Steel, Ni718, Ti64 Grade 23
Lightweight Metal Replacement Parts
Ti64 Grade 23, PA11
Functional Prototypes
and Fit Testing
PETG, PA12W
Injection Mold Tooling and High Temp Molds
Ultracur3D RG 3280, Figure 4 PRO-BLK 10
High Detail Resin
Printed Parts
Figure 4 PRO-BLK 10, Ultracur3D RG 3280
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